Publications

Nariman Naderi, Seyed Amir Ahmad Safavi-Naini, Thomas Savage, Mohammad Amin Khalafi, Peter R. Lewis, Zahra Atf, Girish Nadkarni, Ali Soroush (2026). Across generations, sizes, and types, large language models poorly report self-confidence in gastroenterology clinical reasoning tasks. npj Gut and Liver, 3(1), 6.

Stanard Pachong, Ainaz Alavi, Shaijieni Kannan, Theresa Stotesbury, Peter R. Lewis (2026). Unsupervised machine learning for the detection and interpretation of key features in drip patterns. Forensic Science International, 379, 112669.

Ainaz Alavi, Theresa Stotesbury, Peter R. Lewis (2026). The impact of image size on bloodstain pattern analysis using machine learning. Forensic Science International, 378, 112728.

Zahra Atf, Peter R. Lewis (2026). ScenarioBench: Trace-Grounded Compliance Evaluation for Text-to-SQL and RAG. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Collaborative Advances in Software and COmputiNg (CASCON) (pp. 615-620). IEEE.

Zahra Atf, Peter R. Lewis (2026). Rule-Based Moral Principles for Explaining Uncertainty in Natural Language Generation. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Collaborative Advances in Software and COmputiNg (CASCON) (pp. 1-10). IEEE.

Zahra Atf, Peter R. Lewis (2026). Kantian-Utilitarian XAI: Meta-Explained. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Collaborative Advances in Software and COmputiNg (CASCON) (pp. 573-574). IEEE.

Zahra Atf, Aref Mahjoub, Peter R. Lewis (2026). From Confidence to Care: Rule-Based Escalation for Trustworthy Clinical AI. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Collaborative Advances in Software and COmputiNg (CASCON) (pp. 587-588). IEEE.

Chukwunonso Henry Nwokoye, Joelma Peixoto, Lauren Pardy, Akriti Pandey, Mahadeo Sukhai, Peter R. Lewis (2025). A Survey of Accessible Explainable Artificial Intelligence Research. IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society, early access, 1-10.

Nathan Lloyd, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Using Modern Agent Toolkits with Logical Agents. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 201-202). IEEE.

John Mills, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Unified Architecture for Expectations in Adaptive Agents. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 203-204). IEEE.

John Mills, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Think Before You Act: Popperian Expectations for Adaptive Agents. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 112-117). IEEE.

Stavros Anagnou, Christoph Salge, Peter R. Lewis (2025). The Institution Bootstrapping Problem and Some Counter-Intuitive Solutions. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 134-135). IEEE.

Parisa Salmani, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Self-Evaluation can Help Agents Meet Social Expectations. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.

Nathan Lloyd, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Multi-Perspective Explanations for Multi-Agent Systems. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 106-111). IEEE.

John Mills, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Improving Adaptability in Agents Through Popperian Expectations. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 185-187). IEEE.

Nathan Lloyd, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Empirical Expectations and Coordination Games. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 38-45). IEEE.

Parisa Salmani, Peter R. Lewis (2025). A Reflective Architecture for LLM-Based Systems. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 61-68). IEEE.

Marieke Van Otterdijk, Nathan Lloyd, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Thinking Faster and Slower: An Agent’s Cognitive Repertoire. Proceedings of 7th International Workshop on Agent-Based Modelling of Human Behaviour (ABMHuB'25). online.

Joelma Peixoto, Akriti Pandey, Ahsan Zaman, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Who Benefits from AI Explanations? Towards Accessible and Interpretable Systems. IJCAI 2025 Workshop on Explainable Artficial Intelligence (XAI), (pp.1-25), arXiv.

Cite DOI Workshop Proceedings

Nariman Naderi, Zahra Atf, Peter R Lewis, Aref Mahjoub Far, Seyed Amir Ahmad Safavi-Naini, Ali Soroush (2025). Evaluating Prompt Engineering Techniques for Accuracy and Confidence Elicitation in Medical LLMs. 7th International Workshop on EXplainable, Trustworthy, and Responsible AI and Multi-Agent Systems (EXTRAAMAS 2025), (pp.1-18), arXiv.

Andrew Putman, Adam Cole, Shilpa Dogra (2025). Initial validity and reliability testing of the SGBA-5. PloS one, 20, 5, Public Library of Science San Francisco, CA USA.

Tess Butler-Ulrich (2025). The Social Life of ChatGPT: Insights From TikTok. Proceedings of The 11th European Conference on Social Media, (pp.406-409), Academic Conferences and publishing limited.

Joelma Peixoto, Chukwunonso Henry Nwokoye, Akriti Pandey, Ahsan Zaman, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Exploring Accessible Explainable AI: Promising Avenues. Journal on Technology and Persons with Disabilities, 13, 350-366, California State University, Northridge.

Nathan Lloyd, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Why Was I Sanctioned?. Proceedings of 1st Workshop on Advancing Artificial Intelligence through Theory of Mind (pp.154-158). arXiv.

Zahra Atf, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Towards inclusive explainable artificial intelligence: a thematic analysis and scoping review on tools for persons with disabilities. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, 1-22, Taylor & Francis.

Zahra Atf, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Is Trust Correlated With Explainability in AI? A Meta-Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society, Early Access.

Zahra Atf, Seyed Amir Ahmad Safavi-Naini, Peter R. Lewis, Aref Mahjoubfar, Nariman Naderi, Thomas Savage, Ali Soroush (2025). The challenge of uncertainty quantification of large language models in medicine. arXiv preprint.

Nariman Naderi, Seyed Amir Ahmad Safavi-Naini, Thomas Savage, Zahra Atf, Peter R. Lewis, Girish Nadkarni, Ali Soroush (2025). Self-Reported Confidence of Large Language Models in Gastroenterology: Analysis of Commercial, Open-Source, and Quantized Models. arXiv preprint.

Shaijieni Kannan, Stanard Pachong, Peter R. Lewis, Theresa Stotesbury (2025). A dataset of drip patterns for teaching and research purposes in forensic bloodstain pattern analysis. Data in Brief, 111352.

Parisa Salmani, Peter R. Lewis (2025). Adding Reflective Governance to LLMs. In AAAI 2025 Workshop on AI Governance: Alignment, Morality, and Law. OpenReview.

John Payne, Aishwaryaprajna, Peter R. Lewis (2024). Online Learning of Temporal Dependencies for the Sustainable Foraging Problem. In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 67-72). IEEE.

Nathan Lloyd, Peter R. Lewis (2024). A Socio-Technical Perspective on Fostering Sustainable Community Development via Social Capital and Social Cohesion. In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 61-66). IEEE.

Tess Butler-Ulrich, Janette Hughes, Laura Morrison (2024). Creativity and Generative AI for Preservice Teachers. In Contemporaneous Issues about Creativity, IntechOpen.

Zahra Atf, Peter R. Lewis, Nathan Lloyd (2024). Evaluating the Trustworthiness of User-Generated Content on Social Media. In 2024 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) (pp. 8-10). IEEE.

Parisa Salmani, Peter R. Lewis (2024). Transfer Learning Can Introduce Bias. In ECAI 2024: Proceedings of the 27th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 2426-2433). IOS Press.

Arsh Chowdhry, Aishwaryaprajna, Apurva Narayan, Peter R. Lewis (2024). Discovering Trade-offs in Fairness and Accuracy: A Multi-Objective Approach. In MODeM 2024: Multi-Objective Decision Making Workshop at ECAI 2024.

Nathan Lloyd, Peter R. Lewis (2024). Incorporating Social Expectations into the Expectation Event Calculus. In ALIFE 2024: Proceedings of the 2024 Artificial Life Conference. MIT Press.

Parisa Salmani (2024). Bias and Fairness in Transfer Learning. (Masters dissertation, University of Ontario Institute of Technology).

Nathan Lloyd, Peter R. Lewis (2024). Towards Reflective Normative Agents. In Conference of the European Social Simulation Association (pp. 587-599). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.

Zahra Ahmadi, Peter R. Lewis, Mahadeo A. Sukhai (2024). Reporting Risks in AI-based Assistive Technology Research: A Systematic Review. arXiv preprint.

Ştefan Sarkadi, Peter R. Lewis (2024). The Triangles of Dishonesty: Modelling the Evolution of Lies, Bullshit, and Deception in Agent Societies. In Proc. of the 23rd International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2024) (pp. 1645–1653). International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (IFAAMAS).

Peter R. Lewis, Ştefan Sarkadi (2024). Reflective Artificial Intelligence. Minds and Machines, 34(2), 14.

Imane Guellil, Antonio Garcia-Dominguez, Peter R. Lewis, Shakeel Hussain, Geoffrey Smith (2024). Entity linking for English and other languages: a survey. Knowledge and Information Systems, 66(7), 3773-3824.

Zahra Atf, Peter R. Lewis (2024). Human Centricity in the Relationship Between Explainability and Trust in AI. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine 42(4), 66-76.

Simon T. Powers, Olena Linnyk, Michael Guckert, Jennifer Hannig, Jeremy Pitt, Neil Urquhart, Aniko Ekárt, Nils Gumpfer, The Anh Han, Peter R. Lewis, Stephen Marsh, Tim Weber (2024). The stuff we swim in: Regulation alone will not lead to justifiable trust in AI. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 42(4), 95-106.

Zahra Ahmadi, Parisa Salmani (2024). User Interface (UI) in Semiautonomous Vehicles. In Encyclopedia of Computer Graphics and Games (pp. 1952-1955). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Nathan Lloyd, Arsh Chowdhry, Peter R. Lewis (2024). Trustworthy Embodied Virtual Agents. In Encyclopedia of Computer Graphics and Games (pp. 1917-1922). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Aishwaryaprajna, Peter R. Lewis (2023). The Sustainable Foraging Problem. In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 98-103). IEEE.

Nathan Lloyd (2023). A Road Toward Reflective Normative Agents. In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems Companion (ACSOS-C) (pp. 8-10). IEEE.

Natasha Dwyer, Tessa Darbyshire, Stephen Marsh, Anthony Watt, Naomi Dempsey, Darren Brown (2023). Design thinking in post-pandemic times: Methodologies to Understand Trustworthiness. In Researching the ‘New Normal’ Social World (pp. 106-120). London: Routledge.

Anthony Stein, Sven Tomforde, Jean Botev, Peter R. Lewis (2023). Special Issue on Lifelike Computing Systems. Artificial Life, 29(4), 390-393.

Peter R. Lewis, Stephen Lewis, Sue Lewis, Amanda McEachern Gaudet, Amanda Ottley (2023). Reimagining Digital Public Spaces and Artificial Intelligence for Deep Cooperation. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 42(2), 29-37.

Tosan Atele-Williams, Stephen Marsh (2023). Information trust model. Cognitive Systems Research, 80, 50-70.

Lukas Esterle, Nikil Dutt, Christian Gruhl, Peter R. Lewis, Lucio Marcenaro, Carlo Regazzoni, Axel Jantsch (2023). Self-awareness in Cyber-Physical Systems: Recent Developments and Open Challenges. In 2023 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

Chloe M. Barnes, Aniko Ekart, Kai Olav Ellefsen, Kyrre Glette, Peter R. Lewis, Jim Tørresen (2022). Overcoming Dynamicity with Plasticity: Neuromodulation for Lifelike Systems. In Lifelike Computing Systems Workshop.

Peter R. Lewis (2022). To take AI to the next level, we need a dose of wisdom. In The Hill Times.

Peter R. Lewis, Stephen Marsh (2022). What is it like to trust a rock? A functionalist perspective on trust and trustworthiness in Artificial Intelligence. Cognitive Systems Research, 72, 33-49.

Abdessalam Elhabbash, Rami Bahsoon, Peter Tino, Peter R. Lewis, Yehia Elkhatib (2022). Attaining Meta-self-awareness through Assessment of Quality-of-Knowledge. In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems (ACSOS) (pp. 164-169). IEEE.

Sam Robinson, Chloe M. Barnes, Peter R. Lewis (2021). Centralised and Decentralised Control of Video Game Agents. In Advances in Computational Intelligence Systems: Contributions Presented at the 20th UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (pp. 108-120). Springer International Publishing.

Abdessalam Elhabbash, Rami Bahsoon, Peter Tino, Peter R. Lewis, Yehia Elkhatib (2021). Attaining Meta-self-awareness through Assessment of Quality-of-Knowledge. In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS) (pp. 712-723). IEEE.

Rolf Egert, Jörg Daubert, Stephen Marsh, Max Mühlhäuser (2021). Exploring energy grid resilience: The impact of data, prosumer awareness, and action. Patterns, 2(6), 14.

Peter R. Lewis, Stephen Marsh, Jeremy Pitt (2021). AI or ''AI'': Synthetic Minds Or Speech Acts. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 40(2), 6-13.

Stephen Marsh, Tosan Atele-Williams, Anirban Basu, Natasha Dwyer, Peter R. Lewis, Hector Miller-Bakewell, Jeremy Pitt (2020). Thinking about Trust: People, Process, and Place. Patterns, 1(3).

Tosan Atele-Williams, Stephen Marsh (2018). Towards a Computational Model of Information Trust. In 12th IFIP International Conference on Trust Management (TM) (pp. 124-136). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Tosan Atele-Williams, Stephen Marsh (2017). Information trust. In 11th IFIP International Conference on Trust Management (TM) (pp. 221-222). Springer International Publishing.